In a study based on Tajfel's theory of social identity, Cathy is randomly assigned to Group A, and Sara is randomly assigned to Group B. When asked to award money to other study participants, both Cathy and Sara award money only to members of their own groups.This behavior is predicted by Tajfel's theory and best exemplifies

A) in-group favoritism.
B) ethnocentrism.
C) cultural bias.
D) group polarization.

In-group favoritism refers to the tendency to favor and show positive attitudes towards members of one's own group over members of other groups. Cathy and Sara's behavior of awarding money only to members of their own groups is a clear example of in-group favoritism, which is a key component of Tajfel's theory of social identity. Therefore, option A is the best choice. Option B, ethnocentrism, refers to the belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic or cultural group, but this is not directly applicable in this scenario. Option C, cultural bias, refers to the tendency to judge people based on one's own culture or cultural norms, but there is no evidence of such bias in this scenario. Option D, group polarization, refers to the tendency of group members to adopt more extreme attitudes or positions over time, but this is not relevant to this scenario.