Which intervention is appropriate for a patient diagnosed with an antisocial personality disorder who frequently manipulates others?

A) Refer the patient's requests and questions to the case manager.
B) Explore the patient's feelings of fear and inferiority.
C) Provide negative reinforcement for acting-out behavior.
D) Ignore, rather than confront, inappropriate behavior.

Manipulative patients frequently make requests of many different staff members, hoping someone will give in. Having only one decision-maker provides consistency and avoids the potential for playing one staff member against another. Positive reinforcement of appropriate behaviors is more effective than negative reinforcement. The behavior should not be ignored; judicious use of confrontation is necessary. Patients with antisocial personality disorders rarely have feelings of fear and inferiority.