Which of the following union security clauses requires an employee to become a union member before they are hired?

A) Open shop
B) Union shop
C) Closed shop
D) Agency shop

Union Security Clauses

Provisions in a labor contract that require employees to join, maintain membership in, or pay dues to a union as a condition of employment.

Closed Shop

A form of union security agreement wherein only members of the union can be hired, and employees must remain members of the union to retain their jobs.

Union Member

is an individual who has formally joined a labor union, a collective organization that represents the interests of workers in negotiations with employers.