_______ systems are systems that adapt and evolve in the process of interacting with dynamic environments.

A) Contingency approaches
B) Normative theories
C) Socialized power orientations
D) Complex adaptive
E) Ethical climates

Complex adaptive systems are characterized by their ability to adapt and evolve in response to changes in their environment. These systems are made up of a large number of interacting parts that exhibit emergent behavior, meaning that the behavior of the system as a whole is greater than the sum of its individual parts. Examples of complex adaptive systems include ecosystems, economies, and social networks. In the context of organizational theory, complex adaptive systems are often used to describe the behavior of organizations in dynamic environments, where they must constantly adapt and evolve to survive and thrive.