________ occurs when the supplier, rather than the retailer, manages the entire inventory process for a particular product or group of products.

A) JIT
B) The bullwhip effect
C) Vertical integration
D) VMI

Bullwhip Effect

A phenomenon in supply chain management when small fluctuations in demand at the retail level cause progressively larger fluctuations in demand at the wholesale, distributor, and manufacturer levels.

VMI

Vendor Managed Inventory, a business model where the supplier assumes the responsibility of managing their customer's inventory levels.

Entire Inventory Process

The comprehensive procedure of managing the complete lifecycle of inventory from acquisition to sales.