The Association for Talent and Development (ATD) includes ten training and development areas of specific expertise in its competencies framework. Under which of the following would calculating the return on investment of a training program be included?

A) coaching
B) managing learning programs
C) instructional design
D) evaluating learning impact

Competencies Framework

A structured model that outlines the skills, knowledge, behaviors, and other qualities required to perform certain tasks effectively within an organization.

Return On Investment

A performance measure used to evaluate the efficiency or profitability of an investment, calculated by dividing the benefit (return) of an investment by the cost of the investment.

Training Program

A structured plan of activities and instructions designed to achieve specific learning goals and improve participants' skills and knowledge.