Asked by Sierra South on Jul 07, 2024
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What is the difference between deductive and inductive reasoning? Give an example of each.
Deductive Reasoning
The process of creating a specific research question about a focused point, based on a more general or universal principle.
Inductive Reasoning
The process of arriving at general conclusions from specific observations.
- Explain the concepts of inductive and deductive reasoning in the development of sociological theories.
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Zybrea KnightJul 09, 2024
Final Answer :
Deductive reasoning is a logical process in which a conclusion is derived from a set of premises or statements. It involves moving from a general principle to a specific conclusion. In deductive reasoning, if the premises are true, then the conclusion must also be true. An example of deductive reasoning is:
Premise 1: All humans are mortal.
Premise 2: Socrates is a human.
Conclusion: Therefore, Socrates is mortal.
Inductive reasoning, on the other hand, involves making generalizations based on specific observations. It is a process of reasoning in which the premises of an argument support the conclusion but do not ensure its truth. An example of inductive reasoning is:
Observation 1: Every time I eat peanuts, I get a rash.
Observation 2: Peanuts contain allergens.
Conclusion: Therefore, I am allergic to peanuts.
In summary, deductive reasoning moves from general principles to specific conclusions, while inductive reasoning moves from specific observations to general conclusions.
Premise 1: All humans are mortal.
Premise 2: Socrates is a human.
Conclusion: Therefore, Socrates is mortal.
Inductive reasoning, on the other hand, involves making generalizations based on specific observations. It is a process of reasoning in which the premises of an argument support the conclusion but do not ensure its truth. An example of inductive reasoning is:
Observation 1: Every time I eat peanuts, I get a rash.
Observation 2: Peanuts contain allergens.
Conclusion: Therefore, I am allergic to peanuts.
In summary, deductive reasoning moves from general principles to specific conclusions, while inductive reasoning moves from specific observations to general conclusions.
Learning Objectives
- Explain the concepts of inductive and deductive reasoning in the development of sociological theories.