Jim, a manager at FocusConc, was under pressure from the company's management as his project was running behind schedule. As a result, Jim subjected his employees to close supervision. He also initiated a reduction in pay for employees who took leaves until the completion of the project. According to Rosabeth Moss Kanter, Jim's action displays:

A) symbols of power
B) symptoms of powerlessness
C) lack of authority
D) signs of persuasion

Jim's actions are indicative of symptoms of powerlessness. According to Rosabeth Moss Kanter, when managers feel out of control or powerless, they might resort to micromanaging or punitive measures, such as closely supervising employees or cutting their pay for taking leaves, in an attempt to regain control. This behavior reflects a lack of confidence in their power or influence, leading them to overcompensate through controlling actions.