The nurse arrives at work to find the unit will be short staffed for the shift because a nurse called in sick at the last minute,leaving no time to find a replacement.What factors contribute to the dilemma faced by the nurse working this shift? Select all that apply.

A) The nurse's multiple obligations and relationships
B) Value conflicts and lack of clarity within the profession
C) Autonomy versus escaping hard choices
D) Higher pay versus cost effectiveness
E) Caring versus the decreased time to spend with patients

The nurse's multiple obligations influence this dilemma because the nurse may want to refuse to work short staffed because of safety issues,but wants to provide care for patients,and does not want to be fired for refusing to work under these conditions.The nurse's dilemma is partially owing to lack of clarity within the profession.Although the profession discusses the possibility of legal nurse-to-patient ratios,there is a lack of clarity about the best way to avoid short staffing.As well,there is a professional duty not to abandon patients.The nurse's dilemma is also focused on the realization that there will be inadequate time to care for patients adequately,or at least not as well as the nurse believes is her duty.Higher pay and cost-effectiveness are not about autonomy because the nurse is not giving up her autonomy by escaping hard choices and letting the provider choose her course of action.This shortage was not caused by reduction in staff to save money,but instead by a nurse calling in too late to provide adequate time to find a replacement.