Recent studies on gender and depression indicate that

A) gender-related differences have begun to disappear.
B) girls and women may respond to negative life events with thinking patterns that contribute to low mood.
C) multiple roles contribute to depression in women but not in men.
D) role conflict and role strain are important sources of depression for both women and men.

Recent studies have found that girls and women may be more vulnerable to depression due to their tendency to ruminate or dwell on negative life events. This thinking pattern often contributes to low mood in females. There is no indication that gender-related differences have disappeared or that multiple roles contribute to depression in women exclusively. In fact, role conflict and role strain have been identified as important sources of depression for both men and women. However, these factors do not differentiate between gender.