Dosage compensation is defined as the genetic phenomenon that allows females, who carry two copies of an X-linked gene, to have a phenotype that is equivalent to that of males, who only have one copy of the X-linked gene.

Dosage Compensation

A mechanism that ensures equal expression of genes from the sex chromosomes despite the difference in chromosome number between males and females.

X-Linked Gene

A gene located on the X chromosome, with its expression and associated traits often differentially presented in males and females due to X-chromosome inactivation or hemizygosity in males.