_____ is the tendency to make judgments about group membership based on physical appearances or the match between a person and one's stereotype of a group rather than on available base rate information.

A) Hindsight bias
B) Confirmation bias
C) The availability heuristic
D) The representativeness heuristic

The question is describing the use of the representativeness heuristic, which is the tendency to judge the likelihood of something based on how closely it matches our prototype or stereotype of that thing. This often leads us to make judgments based on physical appearances, rather than taking into account more objective facts or base rate information. The other options listed (hindsight bias, confirmation bias, and the availability heuristic) are not specifically related to judgments based on group membership and physical appearances.