Schachter and Singer proposed that two things have to happen before emotion occurs: ________ and ________.

A) physical arousal; fight or flight
B) cognition; behavior
C) physical arousal; labeling
D) behavior; physical arousal

Schachter and Singer proposed that emotions are determined by both physical arousal and cognitive labeling of that arousal. Therefore, physical arousal is necessary but not sufficient for emotion to occur; it also requires the cognitive interpretation of that arousal. This is why choice C is the correct answer, as it accurately reflects their theory.