Summarize the four basic principles of ethical research,and provide an example of how each principle might be violated in a research study.

A good answer would include the following key points:
-Protection from physical or psychological harm.If a researcher wanted to see how long newborns could hold their breath under water,this would be an unethical experiment violating this principle.
-Obtaining informed consent.Telling a group of elementary school children to "just fill out these forms;you don't need to know why" would violate this principle.
-Justified deception.Convincing a child that her puppy was just murdered in order to arouse and measure a stress response would be an unjustified use of deception.
-Privacy must be maintained.A researcher who left adolescents' confidential responses to questions about engaging in unprotected sexual activity lying on a table in a coffee shop would not be maintaining the privacy of those responses.