The bureaucratic model of detailed union contracts and quasi-judicial grievance procedures is criticized because:

A) It has not resulted in decreased conflict ending in strikes.
B) It encourages union member involvement and activism.
C) It increases the uncertainty of dispute resolution between the parties.
D) It inhibits flexibility and innovation.

Bureaucratic Model

A system of administration that operates through a fixed set of rules and procedures, often used in large organizations to ensure consistency and control.

Quasi-judicial Grievance Procedures

These are formal processes used within organizations to resolve disputes between employees and employers, mimicking judicial proceedings.

Flexibility

Flexibility in the workplace refers to the adaptability of work arrangements, such as schedules and tasks, to accommodate both business needs and employees’ personal lives.