The industrial relations school was instrumental in establishing the foundations for legal treatment of unions as:

A) Independent organizations that should be beyond government control.
B) Voluntary organizations that should be beyond government control.
C) Illegal organizations that impeded free trade.
D) Legally sanctioned organizations with rights and obligations determined by the government.

Industrial Relations School

An academic field of study that focuses on the relationships between employers, employees, unions, and the government in the workplace and the labor market.

Legal Treatment

The manner in which a matter is handled in a legal context, including the application of laws, regulations, and judicial rulings.

Legally Sanctioned

Actions or behaviors that are permitted or approved by law, often implying that they are backed by legal authority or enforcement mechanisms.