The steady decline of membership in unions in the United States can be explained by:

A) a decline in employment in industries that are highly unionized
B) an increase in service-sector employment
C) increased decertification of unions and management initiatives
D) an increase in high tech and white-collar jobs
E) all of the above

Service-Sector Employment

Jobs or careers that are part of the service industry, which involves providing services rather than goods, including areas such as retail, healthcare, and education.

Decertification

The process by which a labor union is removed as the representative of a group of workers, often through a vote by the affected employees.

Unionized Industries

Sectors of the economy where workers are represented by unions, aiming to negotiate better wages, benefits, and working conditions.