What have scientists discovered about the aster leafhopper endosymbionts, Nasuia and Sulcia?

A) Nasuia and Sulcia can live outside of aster leafhoppers.
B) Nasuia and Sulcia produce amino acids that are not found in the sap of the host plant, but that are needed by the leafhopper.
C) Nasuia and Sulcia have lost most of the genes required for free-living bacteria to survive.
D) a and b
E) b and c

Nasuia and Sulcia are endosymbionts of the aster leafhopper that have evolved to produce essential amino acids not found in the sap of their host plant, which are crucial for the leafhopper's diet. Additionally, these bacteria have undergone significant genomic reduction, losing many genes necessary for survival outside of their symbiotic relationship with the leafhopper, making them highly specialized and dependent on their host.