What is upwelling? 

A)  movement of cold, nutrient-rich water from the bottom to the surface 
B)  movement of cool water from the Arctic toward the equator 
C)  movement of warm water to replace cool water 
D)  movement of warm surface water

Upwelling is the movement of cold, nutrient-rich water from the bottom to the surface. This occurs when surface water is moved offshore by winds and replaced by cold, nutrient-rich water from the bottom of the ocean. Upwelling is important for the growth of phytoplankton and supports productive fisheries.