When actuarial estimates related to defined benefit pension plans are adjusted

A) both U.S.GAAP and IFRS require companies to report these valuation changes in OCI each period.
B) only U.S.GAAP requires companies to report these valuation changes in OCI each period.
C) only IFRS requires companies to report these valuation changes in OCI each period.
D) neither U.S.GAAP nor IFRS requires companies to report these valuation changes in the financial statements.

Actuarial Estimates

Projections based on statistical methods by actuaries to assess risks and forecast future financial obligations.

Defined Benefit Pension Plans

Pension plans where an employer promises a specified pension payment upon retirement, based on an employee's earnings history, tenure of service, and age.

OCI

Other Comprehensive Income includes revenues, expenses, gains, and losses that are not included in net income, affecting the equity section of the balance sheet.