Which assessment findings indicate to the nurse that the older adult patient has a urinary tract infection?

A) Confusion and irritability
B) Urinalysis is positive for hyaline casts and ketones.
C) Urinalysis is negative for nitrites and white blood cells.
D) Reports frequency and burning with urination
E) Has had two uncharacteristic episodes of incontinence

Urinary Tract Infection

An infection involving any part of the urinary system, including the bladder, kidneys, ureters, and urethra, often causing pain and the urgent need to urinate.

Hyaline Casts

Microscopic cylindrical structures found in urine, typically consisting of a mucoprotein secreted by renal tubules, indicative of normal or mild renal irritation.

Irritability

A state of increased sensitivity or reactivity to stimuli, often resulting in quick tempered or grumpy responses.