Which of the following relates to the idea that organizations are open systems?

A) The organization adjusts its services to satisfy changing consumer demand.
B) The organization finds a substitute resource in anticipation of a future shortage of the resource previously used to manufacture the product.
C) Production and sales employees coordinate their work activities to provide a more efficient work process.
D) The organization changes its products to suit customer needs.
E) All of the above.

All of the given options relate to the idea that organizations are open systems. An open system is one that interacts with its environment and responds to changes in it. Organizations that adjust their services to satisfy changing consumer demand, find substitute resources in anticipation of future shortages, coordinate their work processes to become more efficient, and change their products to suit customer needs are considered open systems because they are actively engaging with the environment around them.