​The Department of Education noticed that for loans granted to students without any strings,the average grade point average of the students decreases dramatically over time,while the students whose loans renew only if they pass their courses tends to stay stable.This could be due to a

A) ​Adverse selection problem
B) Moral hazard problem
C) Typical college life phenomenon
D) ​None of the above

Which of the following is a specific type of change-oriented behavior?

A) clarifying work roles
B) monitoring subordinate performance
C) assigning specific tasks
D) encouraging innovation