Although Ivan Pavlov introduced the concept of classical conditioning, __________ is largely responsible for changing how psychologists view classical conditioning.

A) John Watson
B) Mary Cover Jones
C) Robert Rescorla
D) Rosalie Rayner

What is the major premise of the syllogism?

A) Some chemical compounds are hallucinogenic drugs.
B) There are no drugs legal in America.
C) No drug legal in America is a hallucinogenic drug.
D) Some chemical compounds are not drugs legal in America.
E) Chemical compounds are hallucinogenic.

The retention of encoded information over time refers to

A) effortful processing.
B) implicit memory.
C) the spacing effect.
D) storage.

Which type of memory code emphasizes the meaning of verbal input

A)  phonemic 
B)  semantic 
C)  episodic 
D)  structural

Today's experts typically recommend that surgery for ________ newborns be postponed until their naturally developing physical appearance and gender identity become clear.

A) transsexual
B) intersex
C) gender-typed
D) asexual

Use a truth table to answer the following question.Which, if any, set of truth values assigned to the atomic sentences shows that the following argument is invalid? $\frac{\sim \mathrm{M}}{\mathrm{M}\supset \mathrm{N}}$

A) M: T N: T
B) M: T N: F
C) M: F N: T
D) M: F N: F
E) None-the argument is valid.