In "Deporting Mohammedans," William Birney outlined the negative implications of allowing Muslims to enter the country.

What best describes "protectorates" prior to the scramble for Africa?

A) The colonial power did not intervene in domestic affairs but controlled only foreign policy.
B) The colonial power was primarily responsible for military force to "protect" indigenous peoples.
C) Protectorates were colonies run by private companies rather than governments.
D) Government officials were responsible for only the first of the "dual mandates."
E) Protectorates were subject to martial law.

Adolf Hitler combined anti-Semitic rhetoric with rhetoric against what political ideology?

A) liberalism
B) monarchism
C) authoritarianism
D) democracy
E) communism

Which of the following became a major source of income in Latin America in the 1980s?

A) the aerospace and airline industry
B) software and computer programming
C) money transfers from emigrants to the U.S.
D) green energy production

What issue decided the 1848 election?

A) Tariff rates
B) The conduct of the War with Mexico
C) Slavery in the territories
D) The independent Treasury bill