Reaction formation refers to the defense mechanism by which people

A) disguise threatening unconscious impulses by attributing them to others.
B) consciously express feelings that are the opposite of unacceptable unconscious impulses.
C) retreat to behavior patterns characteristic of an earlier stage of development.
D) offer self-justifying explanations in place of the real but threatening unconscious reasons for action.

All of the following are classified as anxiety disorders, EXCEPT

A) specific phobia.
B) panic disorder.
C) depression.
D) social phobia.

Research participants were shown an ambiguous picture they had never seen before. Depending on its orientation, the picture can look like either a duck or a rabbit. The picture was removed, and the participants were then asked to imagine the image and to describe what it looked like: all "saw" either a duck or rabbit. An additional finding was that __________.

A) not one of the participants was able to reverse the mental image
B) over time, participants "saw" morphed duck/rabbits-part duck, part rabbit imagery
C) the ducks were judged to be scarier than the rabbits
D) the rabbits were judged to be scarier than the ducks

A box used in operant conditioning of animals, which limits the available responses and thus increases the likelihood that the desired response will occur, is called a ________ box.

A) Skinner
B) Watson
C) trial
D) response

According to the concept of incomplete dominance, a heterozygous person with the alleles for blood type A and B will have blood type O.

The focusing of attention on one characteristic to the exclusion of all others is called

A) animism.
B) centration.
C) egocentrism.
D) irreversibility.