Ion movement across the plasma membrane creates an electrical charge difference known as ________.

A) membrane potential
B) extracellular glycocalyx
C) respiration
D) transcription
E) osmosis

Which statement with regard to pore spaces is false ?

A) Minerals are removed from soil via leaching.
B) Water is held in the smaller pores, and air is found in the larger pores.
C) They occupy approximately 50% of a soil's volume.
D) They typically contain more carbon dioxide than found in the atmosphere.
E) Immediately after a heavy rain, most pore spaces remain filled with air.

Varicose veins

A) A bulge (a weak spot) in the artery wall
B) Degenerative changes in arteries
C) An overstretching of the veins of the lower extremities
D) Inflammation of the veins
E) Small vessels that supply nutrients to large arteries

In plants, sporogenous cells divide by mitosis to form spores.

This tissue supports rapidly growing plant parts; its pectin offers flexibility.

A) parenchyma
B) collenchyma
C) sclerenchyma
D) xylem
E) phloem

Which genetic disorder is associated with a defect in the elastic connective tissue protein called fibrillin?

A) Marfan syndrome
B) Huntington disease
C) sickle cell disease
D) phenylketonuria (PKU)
E) cystic fibrosis (CF)

Complete the following table of exteroreceptors.
Sensory Receptor \quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad Stimulus      ~~~~~      Category      ~~~~~      Sense
Taste cells
Olfactory cells
Rods and cones in retina
Hair cells in spiral organ
Hair cells in semicircular canals
Hair cells in vestibule

Which of the following is NOT involved in short-term regulation of blood pressure?

A) Baroreceptor reflex
B) Adrenal medullary mechanism
C) Alteration in blood volume
D) Chemoreceptor mechanism

Which muscle can be seen on the lateral thigh?

A) vastus medialis
B) rectus femoris
C) adductor muscles
D) iliotibial muscle

What problems would occur if an individual were to tear their biceps brachii?

A) They would be unable to flex the forearm.
B) They would be unable to extend the forearm.
C) They would be unable to abduct their arm.
D) They would be able to curl their fingers.
E) All of the answer choices could not be performed.