How can teachers become better communicators with families?

A) Communicate only through email so that families can respond when convenient
B) Communicate only in person, to keep it authentic
C) Schedule meetings at different times to be accommodating to all families
D) Plan conferences to be a one-way report where teachers tell families what is going on

If the independent variable of a research study is poorly designed, either the expected effect will not be found or the results will be ambiguous or meaningless.