A transverse plane can also be called a horizontal plane.

If a virus is latent

A) it cannot be a retrovirus.
B) the viral genome is reproduced along with the host cell.
C) it must be a retrovirus.
D) it is gaining a new envelope via "budding."
E) it is easy to develop immunity against.

Mammary glands in whales and humans

A) are a synapomorphy for these species and other mammals.
B) are homologous traits.
C) were likely present in the most recent common ancestor of humans and whales.
D) All the given choices are correct.
E) None of the given choices are correct.

Sperm pass through several stages during their development. The earliest stage in which the cell becomes haploid is the

A) sperm.
B) spermatid.
C) primary spermatocyte.
D) secondary spermatocyte.
E) spermatogonium.

A severely dehydrated patient begins to experience the formation of random blood clots. Why is this happening?

A) Dehydration collapses the capillaries and exposes collagen, which triggers the extrinsic mechanism of coagulation.
B) Dehydration stimulates vasospasms, which in turn lead to clot formation.
C) Dehydration leads to a concentration of clotting factors, which triggers the extrinsic mechanism of coagulation.
D) Dehydration leads to a concentration of clotting factors, which triggers the intrinsic mechanism of coagulation.

Two opposing mechanisms determine alveolar expansion: ________ leads to alveolar expansion, while ________ opposes alveolar expansion.

A) lung recoil; positive pleural pressure
B) positive pleural pressure; lung recoil
C) lung recoil; negative pleural pressure
D) negative pleural pressure; lung recoil