Personality disorders are frequently present in more complex and severe cases of PTSD.

For Freud, the only personality structure present at birth is the ______.

A) id
B) ego
C) superego
D) preconscious

In general, staged manipulations are _____ than straightforward manipulations.

A) less costly
B) more costly
C) weaker
D) stronger

Trudy's mother is afraid of bees.Her mother always screams and runs away every time she sees them.Trudy, seeing her mother's response, also runs and screams every time she sees a bee.In this case, Trudy's behavior can be explained by which theory?

A) Social-cognitive learning
B) Classical conditioning
C) Observational learning
D) Operant conditioning

Astrid spends a lot of time thinking about her own motivations and thoughts-about why she feels and believes and behaves the way she does. Astrid is best described as spending a lot of time in ____.

A) introspection
B) automatic egotism
C) self-handicapping
D) social comparison

Lucille has a thwarted need for power. This will likely lead her to feelings of __________.

A) stress
B) relief
C) happiness
D) satisfaction

With her eyes closed,Sierra can accurately touch her mouth,nose,and chin with her index finger.Sierra's ability illustrates the importance of

A) synesthesia.
B) kinesthesia.
C) sensory interaction.
D) psychokinesis.