Equity theories present a model of motivation based on the notion of ______.

A) organizational structure
B) social exchange
C) political relationships and ambiguity
D) equitable relief

Equity theories propose that individuals base their motivation on social exchange, where they seek to receive fair and equitable treatment in exchange for their contributions to an organization. This exchange is believed to be a key factor in determining an employee's level of motivation, performance, and job satisfaction. Thus, equity theories suggest that employees compare their outcomes (e.g., rewards, recognition) to their inputs (e.g., effort, time) relative to others in similar positions, and adjust their level of motivation based on perceived fairness or equity in this exchange.