In terms of job dissatisfaction, an employee who calls in sick or arrives to work late is engaging in

A) behavior change.
B) benchmarking.
C) physical job withdrawal.
D) whistle-blowing.
E) emotional withdrawal.

Job Withdrawal

The process by which an employee disengages from their work role, which may manifest as absenteeism, reduced effort, or eventually leaving the job.

Emotional Withdrawal

A defense mechanism where an individual distances themselves emotionally from others or certain situations.