Learning is a process that refers to a relatively permanent change in behaviour. What causes learning?

Either real or virtual experience causes learning:
- An experience could directly involve or affect the learner.
- A deliberate effort could be made to use an experience in learning.
- Learning could be caused by vicarious experiences, from observing events that affect others.
- The experience could be incidental, causing a casual acquisition of knowledge even when one was not specifically intending to learn. Learning based upon experience can range from simple associations to complex cognitive activities and relationships.