One important early step in application of utilitarian theory is to ______.

A) evaluate the long-term results
B) conduct empirical research on the effects
C) consider various options
D) decide which persons need help the most

Before applying utilitarian theory, it is important to consider various options or alternatives to determine which action will result in the greatest overall benefit to the majority of individuals affected. This involves weighing the potential outcomes and consequences of each option in order to make the best decision for the greater good. Conducting empirical research and evaluating the long-term results may be important steps in this process, but considering various options is the foundational step in applying utilitarian theory. Deciding which persons need help the most may not necessarily be relevant to this step in the process.