Write a brief note on the origins of dyslexia.

Answers will vary. Theories of dyslexia focus on the ways in which sensory and neurological problems may contribute to the reading problems we find in dyslexic individuals. Genetic factors appear to be involved; from 25% to 65% of children who have one dyslexic parent are dyslexic themselves. About 40% of the siblings of children with dyslexia are dyslexic. Genetic factors may give rise to neurological problems or circulation problems in the left hemisphere of the brain. The circulation problems would result in oxygen deficiency. The part of the brain called the angular gyrus "translates" visual information, such as written words, into auditory information (sounds). Problems in the angular gyrus may give rise to reading problems by making it difficult for the reader to associate letters with sounds. Most researchers also focus on phonological processing. That is, dyslexic children may not discriminate sounds as accurately as other children do. As a result, b's and d's and p's may be hard to tell apart, creating confusion that impairs reading ability.