Ability to resist damage from foreign substances such as microorganisms and harmful chemicals

A) Innate immunity
B) Antibody-mediated immunity
C) Cell-mediated immunity
D) Both antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immunity
E) Innate immunity, antibody-mediated immunity, and cell-mediated immunity

Which X-linked recessive trait affects an individual's blood clotting ability?

A) red-green colorblindness
B) hemophilia A
C) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
D) X-linked anhidrotic dysplasia
E) androgen insensitivity syndrome

Knee-jerk reflex

A) Stretch reflex
B) Golgi tendon reflex
C) Withdrawal reflex
D) Crossed extensor reflex
E) Reciprocal innervation

In the following pedigree, what does the colored circle indicate?

A) an affected father
B) an affected mother
C) an affected daughter
D) an affected son
E) an affected cousin