The Department of Education noticed that for loans granted to students without any strings,the average grade point average of the students decreases dramatically over time.Which one of the following can it use as a solution?​

A) ​Renew the loans only if the students pass their courses
B) Renew the loans regardless of students' passing
C) Never renew the loans
D) ​Shut down the Department of Education

​Firm X both produces automobiles and owns gas stations.If decides to decrease the gas to induce higher sales for the automobiles,it means that

A) ​the gas and the automobiles are complements
B) the gas and the automobiles are substitutes
C) the gas and the automobiles are not related in demand
D) ​none of the above

In the short run, ________ costs exceed ________ costs.

A) total fixed; total
B) average variable; average total
C) total variable; total
D) average total; average variable