Infants who show avoidant attachment ________.

A) are most distressed by their mothers' departure.
B) play without fuss when alone and ignore their mothers upon reunion after a separation.
C) alternately cling to their mothers and push them away upon reunion after a separation.
D) seem dazed, confused, or disoriented in the presence of an attachment figure.

Contact comfort is the pleasure derived from emotional contact with another.

The tendency for researchers to believe that they see what they expected to see rather than observing what is really happening, is called

A) the Clever Hans effect.
B) the Garcia effect.
C) experimenter bias.
D) extrasensory perception.

Noah's therapist suggests that Noah developed a dissociative identity disorder in order to misbehave without feeling a strong sense of personal shame. The therapist's suggestion most directly reflects a ________ perspective.

A) humanistic
B) social-cognitive
C) psychoanalytic
D) biological

A client is asked to perform a phony breathing exercise and is then exposed to a supposedly stressful situation. The client is not stressed and believes the breathing exercise to be responsible for this benefit. This client has demonstrated the __________ effect.

A) carryover
B) expectation
C) false information
D) placebo
E) none of the above

Which of the following statements is true about parenthood in developed nations?

A) More and more couples are getting married earlier and hastening the parenthood decision.
B) Couples think of parenthood as the most necessary part of marriage or a relationship.
C) More and more couples are deciding to have three or more children.
D) The decision not to have children or to have only one child is becoming more common.