Which of the following is pear shaped?

A) Common bile duct
B) Gallbladder
C) Liver
D) Pancreas

Graphic (Likert-type)

A) Observation
B) Rating scales
C) Classification methods
D) Environmental assessment
E) Records and personal documents
F) Performance-based assessment

Epidemiologists decided to investigate the validity of new diagnostic tool for breast cancer.They used this new diagnostic tool for breast cancer in 150 women with biopsy-proven breast cancer in 300 age- and race-matched control women.The results of the new tool were positive in 136 cases and in 35 control women,all of whom showed no evidence of cancer at biopsy.Now,the epidemiologists want to use the new diagnostic tool for screening program in Cities A and B.Based on previous cross-sectional studies,the prevalence of breast cancer is 5% in City A and 1% in City B.What is the expected positive predictive value of new diagnosis tool for breast cancer in City A?

A) 30%
B) 43%
C) 81%
D) 89%
E) 91%

When wrapping items to sterilize in an autoclave, all hinged instruments should be placed in the ____ position.