What is the central aspect of Adler's theory of personality

A)  People must resolve conflicts between the needs of society and the needs of the self. 
B)  People strive to adapt and master life's challenges. 
C)  People have a drive to resolve the discrepancy between their real selves and their ideal selves. 
D)  People are motivated to maintain the various components of mental experience in a state of balance and harmony.

If you cannot decide whether to submit to back surgery, which you dread, to alleviate your back pain or to continue to live with the pain, which you sometimes find unbearable, you are caught in

A) an approach-avoidance conflict.
B) an approach-approach conflict.
C) a double approach-avoidance conflict.
D) an avoidance-avoidance conflict.

Carl has a problem. He has been getting C's and lower grades on his tests and assignments all term. What is a question he could ask himself to help identify the cause of his poor grades?

A) Should I pray with more fervor?
B) Should I eat more protein?
C) Am I in love?
D) Are my study habits effective?
E) Do my high school friends still like me?

A test maker wants to show that scores on his or her new measure of schizophrenia are correlated with professional psychologists' ratings of schizophrenia. He or she is interested in establishing

A) face validity.
B) congruent validity.
C) discriminant validity.
D) behavioral validation.

A special case of the dominant-recessive pattern occurs with genes that are X-linked or located on the _____ chromosome.

________ emphasized the importance of the therapist's warmth and empathy, an idea now endorsed by many therapists.

A) Sigmund Freud
B) Carl Rogers
C) Albert Ellis
D) Aaron Beck

Which binocular cue involves the inward angle of the eyes focusing on a near object?

A) convergence
B) retinal disparity
C) interposition
D) relative motion