With regard to the popular belief "men are from Mars and women are from Venus," feminists believe

A) women and men are not complete opposites of each other.
B) gender similarities should always be emphasized.
C) gender differences are primarily related to biology.
D) the differences between women and men are greater than the differences among men or among women.

Watson's experiment with Little Albert demonstrated that fears might be __________

A) based on classical conditioning.
B) deeply rooted in the innate unconscious of infants.
C) based on the principle of observational learning.
D) based on Skinner's analysis of positive reinforcement.

Social norms are best described as

A) generalized beliefs about various groups of people.
B) people's explanations for their own behaviors.
C) rules for socially expected and accepted behavior.
D) feelings that predispose our reactions to events.

Automatic processing and effortful processing are two types of

A) encoding.
B) retrieval.
C) rehearsal.
D) storage.

Attachment theory posits that the prototypic experience of love is:

A) the result of cultural customs about romantic relationships.
B) the young child's bond with the primary caretaker.
C) a person's desire to be in a romantic relationship.
D) established by one's first romantic relationship.

An experimenter plans to condition a dog to salivate to a light by pairing the light with food.The dog will learn to salivate to the light most quickly if the experimenter presents the light

A) five seconds before the food.
B) half a second before the food.
C) at precisely the same time as the food.
D) a half-second after the food.

Sarah has just received her drivers' license and is now ready to drive to school. Although she's never driven to her school before, Sarah knows the way. The fact that Sarah can drive herself to school suggests that __________ has occurred.

A) latent learning
B) classical conditioning
C) operant conditioning
D) classical and operant conditioning

According to Freud, the _____contains thoughts and feelings that are just below the surface of awareness.

A) unconscious
B) subconscious
C) preconscious
D) collective unconscious

Roland is an architect who can design dream homes based on vague ideas and images that his clients bring to him. According to Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, Roland is likely to score high in which of the following?

A) intrapersonal intelligence
B) interpersonal intelligence
C) spatial intelligence
D) logical-mathematical intelligence

Brandon is going through exposure therapy to try to treat his spider phobia.His therapist is using systematic desensitization.His therapist is teaching him how to release tension in one muscle group after another,until he is completely relaxed.What technique is being used?

A) unconditional positive regard
B) counterconditioning
C) progressive relaxation
D) systematic desensitization