An extraneous variable that affects the primary variables in a study and makes it appear as if those primary variables are causing one another to happen is called a __________ variable.

A) confounding
B) independent
C) dependent
D) random

Imagine your new roommate makes her bed carefully each morning. What might you infer with some accuracy about her personality?

A) She is conscientious.
B) She is open to experience.
C) She is depressed.
D) She is extremely extraverted.

Kissing is usually our earliest interpersonal sexual activity.

Zajonc argued that emotion is independent of, and can occur prior to, cognition. This is called the:

A) emotional independence hypothesis
B) primacy of affect
C) cognitive interpretation of emotion
D) social learning approach

About 3 hours after he falls asleep,Bobby often sits up in bed screaming incoherently.His mother tries to awaken him,but with no success.The next morning,he remembers nothing.It appears that Bobby suffers from

A) night terrors.
B) narcolepsy.
C) sleep spindles.
D) sleep apnea.

Symbolic interactionsists would argue that culture

A) is actively created through ongoing interactions between people.
B) is the result of those in power defining a society's system of beliefs.
C) is functional for society.
D) is something that is objectively observable.