While on their date,Viola is nervous and accidentally cuts herself with her knife.The moment she cuts her finger,Viola feels a sharp pain and lets out a yelp.This pain was modulated by the ______ pathway which uses ______ fibres.

A) slow-acting; C
B) slow-acting; A-delta
C) fast-acting; C
D) fast-acting; A-delta

Teachers at School A were given a substance abuse knowledge test.During the next four months,the teachers attended training sessions in substance abuse.They were then given the knowledge test again.Teachers at School B were given the substance abuse knowledge test,and four months later,they were given the test again.What kind of design was used?

A) pretest-posttest true experimental design
B) nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design
C) control time series
D) matched comparison group pretest-posttest design

Motivated behavior results from the combination of individual needs and the value of the goals available in the environment, according to the basic idea underlying:

A) value and humanistic psychologists
B) expectancy-value theory
C) behavioral expectations approach
D) physiological theory