Sam received a B on an anthropology project.He knows Sandra received an A on the project,so he sets up a time to meet with Sandra to go over the project.Sam wants to figure out why he scored lower.This is an example of ______.

A) social comparison
B) self-serving comparison
C) upward social comparison
D) downward social comparison

When 1-year-old Andrea tries to talk,her mother talks back;when she smiles,her mother smiles in return.These maternal reactions are most relevant to Andrea's development of

A) a secure attachment.
B) conservation.
C) egocentrism.
D) object permanence.