To accurately infer cause and effect,experimenters should use

A) random assignment.
B) naturalistic observation.
C) case studies.
D) correlation coefficients.

If two different stars cast retinal images of the same size,the star that appears to be

A) brighter is likely to be perceived as larger than the one that appears to be dimmer.
B) moving is likely to be perceived as larger than the one that appears to be stationary.
C) farther away is likely to be perceived as larger than the one that appears to be closer.
D) high in the sky is likely to be perceived as larger than the one that appears to be near the horizon.

Regarding smell,which of the following statements is generally the most accurate?

A) People are better at discriminating among odors than they are at identifying them;
Men generally outperform women.
B) People are better at discriminating among odors than they are at identifying them;women generally outperform men.
C) People are better at identifying odors than they are at discriminating among them;
Men generally outperform women.
D) People are better at identifying odors than they are at discriminating among them;women generally outperform men.

Five-year-old Marge watches other children playing in a sandlot.At first she only understands swinging at the ball with a bat.Then she learns about running,catching,and pitching.Eventually,Marge develops a functional cognitive system called "playing baseball." According to Piaget,Marge has achieved __________ of baseball information.

A) disequilibrium
B) organization
C) object permanence
D) a secondary circular reaction