Piaget suggested that the development of conservation, as applied to specific tasks, is sequential. Which of the followi first?

A) Conservation of mass
B) Conservation of weight
C) Conservation of volume
D) Conservation of depth

Which of the following negative stereotypes is related to archetypes of Black women?

A) Mammy
B) Jezebel
C) Sapphire
D) All of these answers are correct.

A researcher employs an IV × PV design to examine attitudes toward cheating. She presents freshmen from a private university with a written account describing a male or female student who was accused of cheating on an exam. The same procedure is repeated for a sample of freshmen from a public university. After reading the account, the students were asked to assign an appropriate punishment. The PV in this design would be the:

A) gender of the student accused of cheating.
B) university attended (private or public) .
C) class level of the participants (freshmen) .
D) punishment assigned.

Applied behavior analysis (or behavior modification) is based on immediate reinforcements for behaviors, with gradually increasing demands for certain kinds of behavior. The idea is based on

A) Pavlov's concept of classical conditioning.
B) Ebbinghaus's studies of memory.
C) Kahneman's research of heuristics.
D) Skinner's procedure of shaping.

Which is the correct order of stages of prenatal development?

A) zygote,fetus,embryo
B) zygote,embryo,fetus
C) embryo,zygote,fetus
D) embryo,fetus,zygote

Which measure of central tendency is used to calculate the average of your school grades?

A) standard deviation
B) median
C) mean
D) mode

For what medical purpose have surgeons sometimes cut the corpus callosum?

A) to control aggressive behavior
B) to control epilepsy
C) to reduce blood pressure
D) to relieve the problems caused by a prefrontal lobotomy

Which of the following is true of the cognitive-behavioral approach of Masters and Johnson for the treatment of sexual function difficulties?

A) They saw sexual problems as an individual problem that had to be dealt with individually.
B) They accepted the Freudian approach of tracing sexual function problems to childhood.
C) They believed that basic personality change was necessary for sexual problems to disappear.
D) They relabeled sexual function problems as sexual dysfunctions rather than aspects of neuroses.

One difference between short-term memory and long-term memory is that short-term memory

A) depends more heavily on retrieval cues.
B) is less likely to be forgotten.
C) has a more limited capacity.
D) is visual rather than auditory.

Working memory

A) has an unlimited capacity.
B) is the same thing as short-term memory.
C) is a passive memory system.
D) holds information temporarily while performing cognitive tasks.