The Hawthorne studies shifted the attention of managers and scholars away from the technical and structural concerns emphasized by the classical management approach toward the study of social and human concerns as keys to productivity.

What is the primary source of debt capital for existing businesses?

A) Commercial banks
B) Government programs
C) Non-financial companies
D) Brokerage firms

Tia is a witness in a controversy involving the U.S. Bureau of Tobacco and Firearms. Tia can be compelled to appear before an administrative law judge if she is served with

A) an order for specific performance.
B) an executive order.
C) a subpoena.
D) a search warrant.

Researchers have found that negative emotions tend to spread more quickly than positive emotions, which can affect morale, productivity, and motivation in a work environment.

Which one of Lewin's basic change model stages is where managers promote a sense of stability and consistency by creating reward systems, tracking behaviors, and setting up continuous training to further enhance skills?

A) transforming
B) refreezing
C) reconstructing
D) unfreezing