C

B

D

B

phenotype

Answers will vary. Psychologist Daniel Levinson, who had worked with Erik Erikson at Harvard University, and his colleagues published an influential book on development called Seasons of a Man's Life. Levinson followed it with Seasons of a Woman's Life. These books explained Levinson's view, compatible with Erikson's, that adults go through certain periods of life, which Levinson dubbed seasons, in which their progress and psychological wellbeing are shaped by common social and physical demands and crises-the development of relationships, rearing children, establishing and developing a career, and coming to terms with successes and failures. At any given moment, the underlying pattern of a person's life is his or her life structure. One's religion, race, and socioeconomic status also influence his or her life structure and life satisfaction. Many young adults also adopt what Levinson calls "the dream"-the drive to become someone, to leave one's mark on history-which serves as a tentative blueprint for life. Levinson found that women undergo somewhat similar developments, but experience more social constraints, both from their families of origin and society in general. Thus it may take women longer to leave home, and there may be more pressure on them to go from one home (their parents') to another (their husbands'). Levinson labeled the ages of 28 to 33 the age-30 transition. For men and women, he found that the late 20s and early 30s are commonly characterized by reassessment: "Where is my life going?" "Why am I doing this?" Levinson and his colleagues also found that the later 30s are often characterized by settling down or planting roots. At this time, many people feel a need to make a financial and emotional investment in their homes. Their concerns become focused on promotion or tenure, career advancement, mortgages, and, in many or most cases, raising their own families.

A

C

D