In scientific research,what is the result called when participants' expectations lead them to experience some change even though they received an empty,fake,or ineffectual treatment

A)  experimenter bias
B)  subject bias 
C)  the placebo effect
D)  demand characteristics

Compared to earlier findings on social facilitation, what do recent findings show about what happens to people's performance in the presence of others?

A) Performance improves in people with high achievement motivation.
B) Performance improves on easy tasks but suffers on difficult tasks.
C) Performance decreases on both easy and difficult tasks when being observed by someone of the opposite sex.
D) Performance on interesting tasks increases, but performance on boring tasks decreases.

Terrance always takes notes by hand during class rather than on his laptop,as most of his classmates do.He has found that he often scores higher on class exams than classmates who use their device for note taking.One potential reason for his higher grades is that

A) he rarely misses class.
B) he sits toward the front of the classroom.
C) taking notes by hand requires active processing of information.
D) the use of technology in the classroom requires active processing of information.

How did Freud's theories about human behaviour differ from prevailing viewpoints in the early 1900s

A)  He proposed the existence of free will. 
B)  He saw people as not fully aware of the forces that control their behaviour. 
C)  He emphasized environmental forces on behaviour. 
D)  He saw abnormal behaviour as resulting from biological causes.

According to the data from a nationally representative sample of 50,000 reproductive-age heterosexual men and women, which of the following is true of the relationship between marijuana use and sexual frequency?

A) Men who abstained from marijuana said they had more sexual encounters when compared with men who used marijuana daily.
B) Marijuana use appeared to impair sexual function.
C) Marijuana users were found to have significantly lower sexual frequency compared with never users.
D) Women who did not use marijuana reported having less sexual frequency on average when compared with women who used marijuana daily.

In Harlow's studies of attachment in infant monkeys,which "mother" did the monkeys seek out when frightened or otherwise distressed

A)  the foster-mother
B)  the cloth-covered mother 
C)  the natural mother
D)  the feeding mother

The stage of psychosexual development that occurs during middle childhood and is characterized by relative calm is called the __________ stage.

A) oral
B) childhood
C) latency
D) anal

Steve has little affection for other people, a tendency to manipulate others without feeling guilty, a high probability of getting in trouble with the law, and difficulty keeping a job. However, he does not complain about having a psychological disorder and he does not seek help. A psychologist would be most likely to classify Steve as having a

A) mood disorder.
B) personality disorder.
C) dissociative disorder.
D) somatoform disorder.