According to David McClelland, describe the four power-oriented characteristics of managers who use power successfully.

Answers will vary. David McClelland has found that managers who use power successfully have four power-oriented characteristics:
1. Belief in the authority system. They believe that the institution is important and that its authority system is valid. They are comfortable influencing and being influenced. The source of their power is the authority system of which they are a part.
2. Preference for work and discipline. They like their work and are very orderly. They have a basic value preference for the Protestant work ethic, believing that work is good for a person over and beyond its income-producing value.
3. Altruism. They publicly put the company and its needs before their own needs. They are able to do this because they see their own well-being as integrally tied to the company's well-being.
4. Belief in justice. They believe justice is to be sought above all else. People should receive that to which they are entitled and that which they earn. Please see the section "Using Power Ethically" for more information.